Any deterministic computation. No I/O, no network calls, no undefined behavior. If it runs in WebAssembly, it can be verified.
Cryptographically prove generative art follows the claimed algorithm. Artists commit to code, collectors verify execution. Eliminates trust in rendering process.
Prove strategy execution matches published code. Users verify bot behavior without trusting the operator. Enables verifiable fund management on-chain.
Prove winner selection used blockchain entropy and published RNG algorithm. Participants verify fairness without trusting the operator. Eliminates manipulation risk.
Prove model outputs for specific inputs without re-execution. Enables trustless AI services where users verify predictions. No trust in compute provider required.
Collateral-backed execution with fraud proofs. Deterministic Wasm ensures disputes are decidable. Economics make fraud irrational.
WebAssembly sandbox with no threads, syscalls, or undefined behavior. Same inputs always produce same outputs. Programs validated before registration to ensure determinism.
Binary search over execution trace. Each round halves the dispute space. After ~20 rounds, disagreement narrows to single 32-byte instruction. Final step executes on-chain via Arbitrum Stylus.
Executors stake 2x the job payment. Fraud loses entire stake. Honest execution returns collateral plus payment. Fraud is economically irrational when detection is guaranteed.
Verifiers earn 20% of slashed collateral. At launch parameters: $29.22 profit per fraud after $0.38 gas cost. Deterministic execution ensures 100% detection rate.
3 verifiers selected randomly after executor commits result. 11 entropy sources prevent manipulation. Selection probability weighted by staked tokens. Collusion requires controlling randomness.
Inputs ≤100KB stored on-chain. Larger inputs use Arweave with 10% bond. Executor must prove data availability or face automatic slashing. Ensures disputes are always resolvable.
Fraud detection is profitable at launch. Honest execution is economically rational. Collusion requires controlling on-chain randomness.
| METRIC | CERTUS | TRUEBIT | ORACLES |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fraud Proof Cost | $0.38 | $5-50 | N/A |
| Verifier Profit | +$29.22 | -$11.30 | N/A |
| Challenge Period | 1 hour | 7 days | N/A |
| Data Size | Unlimited | ~10MB | Limited |
| Settlement | 1 hour | 7 days | Instant |
| Permissionless | Yes | Staking req | No |
| Trust Assumptions | 0 | 1-honest | M-of-N |
Arbitrary computation on Ethereum with fraud proofs. Deterministic WebAssembly execution verified through interactive bisection. Collateral-backed security with profitable fraud detection.